1 Table of Contents
1 Table of Contents 5
1.1 List of Tables 7
1.2 List of Figures 7
2 Introduction 8
3 Cloud Computing in Pharmaceutical Research and Development – Key Technological Concepts 10
3.1 Core Technologies 10
3.1.1 Virtualization 10
3.1.2 Multi-tenancy 10
3.1.3 Web Services 10
3.2 Cloud Computing Service Models 11
3.2.1 Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) 11
3.2.2 Platform as a Service (PaaS) 11
3.2.3 Software as a Service (SaaS) 12
3.3 Cloud Computing Deployment Models 13
3.4 Stakeholders 14
3.4.1 End-users/Consumers 14
3.4.2 Providers 14
3.4.3 Regulators 14
3.4.4 Enablers 14
4 Cloud Computing in Pharmaceutical Research and Development – Competitive Landscape 15
4.1 Established Players 15
4.1.1 International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) 15
4.1.2 Google 16
4.1.3 Microsoft 17
4.2 Technology Providers 18
4.2.1 Apache 18
4.2.2 EMC 19
4.3 Innovative Companies 20
4.3.1 Amazon.com 20
4.3.2 Salesforce.com 21
5 Cloud Computing in Pharmaceutical Research and Development – Technology Assessment 22
5.1 Benefits of Clouds 23
5.1.1 Cost Savings 23
5.1.2 Immediate Access to Resources 23
5.1.3 Lower Barriers to Innovation 23
5.1.4 Scalability of Services 23
5.1.5 New Classes of Applications and Services 24
5.2 Restraints to the Cloud 24
5.2.1 Security 24
5.2.2 Privacy and Data Location 24
5.2.3 Dependency on the Internet 24
5.2.4 System Availability and Level of Service 24
5.2.5 Migration of Current Applications 25
6 Cloud Computing in Pharmaceutical Research and Development – Applications 26
6.1 Biomedical Cloud 26
6.1.1 Adequate Security Measures 27
6.1.2 Communication with Private Clouds 27
6.1.3 On-demand Scalability 28
6.1.4 Data Transfer 28
6.1.5 Interaction with Other Clouds 28
6.2 Next-Generation Sequencing 28
6.2.1 Case Study – Adoption of Cloud Computing by Merck (the US) 29
6.3 Bioinformatics and Genomics 30
6.4 In Silico Research through Cloud Computing 32
6.4.1 The Data Layer 32
6.4.2 The System Layer 33
6.4.3 The Service Layer 34
6.5 Information Dissemination 36
6.6 Cloud Computing for Management of Clinical Trials 36
7 Cloud Computing in Pharmaceutical Research and Development – Appendix 37
7.1 Market Definitions 37
7.2 Abbreviations 37
7.3 Bibliography 37
7.4 Research Methodology 38
7.4.1 Coverage 38
7.4.2 Secondary Research 38
7.4.3 Primary Research 39
7.5 Expert Panel Validation 39
7.6 Contact Us 39
7.7 Disclaimer 39
1.1 List of Tables
Table 1: Cloud Computing in the Pharmaceutical Industry, Cloud Computing Service Models 11
Table 2: Cloud Computing in the Pharmaceutical Industry, Classification of Cloud Computing Services 12
Table 3: Cloud Computing in the Pharmaceutical Industry, Applications, Cloud Resources in Bioinformatics 31
Table 4: Cloud Computing in the Pharmaceutical Industry, Applications, Features of Scientific Research in a Cloud 35
1.2 List of Figures
Figure 1: Cloud Computing in the Pharmaceutical Industry, Basic Cloud Computing Infrastructure 8
Figure 2: Cloud Computing in the Pharmaceutical Industry, Private and Public Clouds 13
Figure 3: Cloud Computing in the Pharmaceutical Industry, Competitive Landscape, Established Players, IBM 15
Figure 4: Cloud Computing in the Pharmaceutical Industry, Competitive Landscape, Established Players, Google 16
Figure 5: Cloud Computing in the Pharmaceutical Industry, Competitive Landscape, Established Players, Microsoft 17
Figure 6: Cloud Computing in the Pharmaceutical Industry, Competitive Landscape, Technology Providers, Apache 18
Figure 7: Cloud Computing in the Pharmaceutical Industry, Competitive Landscape, Technology Providers, EMC 19
Figure 8: Cloud Computing in the Pharmaceutical Industry, Competitive Landscape, Innovative Companies, Amazon 20
Figure 9: Cloud Computing in the Pharmaceutical Industry, Competitive Landscape, Innovative Companies, Salesforce.com 21
Figure 10: Cloud Computing in the Pharmaceutical Industry, Technology Assessment, Benefits and Restraints 22
Figure 11: Cloud Computing in the Pharmaceutical Industry, Applications, Biomedical Cloud 27
Figure 12: Cloud Computing in the Pharmaceutical Industry, Applications, Map-Shuffle-Reduce Framework 30
Figure 13: Cloud Computing in the Pharmaceutical Industry, Applications, In Silico Research, the Data Layer 32
Figure 14: Cloud Computing in the Pharmaceutical Industry , Applications, In Silico Research, the System Layer 33
Figure 15: Cloud Computing in the Pharmaceutical Industry, Applications, In Silico Research, the Service Layer 34
Companies mentioned
International Business Machines Corporation (IBM)
Google
Microsoft
Apache
EMC
Amazon.com
Salesforce.com