Table
1.1. Stages of Clinical Trials
Table 2.1. Genomic Features with
Clinical Applications
Table 2.2. Genetic Pathways That Could Alter Drug Efficacy and Safety:
ADME
Table 2.3. Classes of Genetic Variation in Drug Metabolism
Table 2.4. Examples of Cytochrome
P450 Gene Variation and Drug Interaction
Table 2.5. Examples of Genetic Variation in Drug Targets Affecting
Drug Response
Table 2.6. Selected Toxicogenomics Databases
Table 2.7. Examples of Monogenic Diseases for Which Clinical Tests
Are Available
Table 2.8. Examples of Genes Contributing to Complex Diseases
Table 2.9. Cancers with a Strong Genetic Component
Table 3.1. Types of DNA Variation
Table 3.2. Factors Influencing Genotyping Costs
Table 3.3. Criteria for Evaluating SNP Genotyping Accuracy
Table 3.4. Steps in Microarray Experiments
Table 3.5. Informatics Issues Associated with Microarrays
Table 3.6. Selected Companies Marketing Microarrays or Related Tools
or Services
Table 4.1. Correlation of UGT1A1 Variants with Risk of Toxicity
Table 4.2. Selected Assays Used to Screen Newborns for Genetic Diseases
Table 4.3. Examples of Drugs Reported to Evoke Different Responses
in Different Racial or Ethnic Groups
Table 4.4. Selected Drugs for Which the Target Population May Be
Determined by Genetic Testing (U.S. prescribing information)
Table 4.5. Prescribing Information for Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme Genotypes
Table 5.1. Savings Resulting from Patient Stratification in a Breast
Cancer Study
Table 5.2. Efforts to Standardize Gene Expression Data
Table 5.3. Factors Increasing or Decreasing Costs Associated With
Genomic Technology
Table 5.4. Quick Reference on Pharmacogenomic Submissions
Table 5.5. Framework for Evaluating the Potential Cost-Effectiveness
of Clinical Genomics Therapies
Figure 1.1. Preclinical Versus Clinical Applications of Genomics
Figure 1.2. Personalized Medicine
Figure 1.3. Taking Genomics to the Clinic
Figure 2.1. Estimated U.S. Cancer Deaths by Type, 2005
Figure 3.1. Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms
Figure 3.2. A Haplotype Block
Figure 3.3. Functional Genomic Analysis of Gene Expression
Figure 3.4. Microarray Analysis
Figure 3.5. Diagram of Short Interfering RNAs
Figure 4.1. Distribution of Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes in the Population
Figure 4.2. Roche Diagnostics'
AmpliChip CYP450
Figure 4.3. Effect of UGT1A1 on
Irinotecan Metabolism
Figure 4.4. Distribution of TPMT Activity in Unrelated Adults
Figure 4.5. Estimated Growth of Genomics in U.S. Clinical Trials
Figure 4.6. Applications of Genomics in Drug Development
Figure 4.7. Application of Gene Expression Testing in Breast Cancer
Figure 5.1. How Patient Stratification Using Genomics Can Be Beneficial
Figure 5.2. Impact of Various Factors on Variation of Patient Response
to Warfarin
Figure 5.3. Breakdown of Spending on Health Care in the United
States, 2002
Figure 5.4. Codevelopment of Drugs and Diagnostics
Figure 5.5. Current and Possible Future Applications of Diagnostics
Figure 5.6. Limits to Genomic Predictions of Drug Efficacy
Figure 5.7. RNAi Market Forecast
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