Author: Ricki Lewis, PhD
Chapter 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1. The State of Stem Cell Science and Technology
Types of Stem Cells
Stem Cell R&D
1.2. Stem Cells in Normal Development
From Fertilized Ovum to Multicellular Organism
Defining Characteristics of Stem Cells
1.3. From Stem Cell Science to Technology
Early Thoughts on Reprogramming and Cloning
The Origin of Embryonic Stem (ES) Cells
The State of Stemness
“PluriNet,” the Regulatory Network behind Pluripotency
Epigenetics and MicroRNAs
Induced Pluripotent Stem (iPS) Cells
The Future: hES or iPS Cells?
Medical Tourism: Protecting Healthcare Consumers
Chapter 2
THE TECHNOLOGICAL LANDSCAPE
2.1. Adult (Tissue-Specific) Stem Cells
Reproductive Structures and Prenatal Tissues
Postnatal Tissues
Hematopoietic Stem Cells (HSCs)
Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs)
Perivascular Stem Cells (“Pericytes”)
Neural Stem and Progenitor Cells
2.2. Tools and Technologies in Context
Culturing ES Cells
Characterizing ES Cells
Maintaining or Differentiating ES Cells
Umbilical Cord Stem Cells to Treat Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
2.3. Tissue Engineering
Different Tissues, Different Challenges
Cells + ECM
Hydrogels
2.4. Supplies and Services
The Care and Feeding of Stem Cells: Media, Markers, and Matrix
Cells for Sale (or Free)
Chapter 3
APPLICATIONS
3.1. Drug Discovery and Development
Identifying New—and Not So New—Drug Targets
Targeting the Pre-manifest Stage of Disease
Revealing Disease Subtypes
Toxicology
3.2. Stem Cells to Recapitulate Disease
3.3. Therapeutics
3.4. A Trio of Therapeutics
The Failing Heart
Cancer Stem Cells
The Eye
Chapter 4
COMMERCIAL OUTLOOK
4.1. Funding
Pharma Comes on Board
Venture Capital
4.2. Regulatory Hurdles
4.3. Marketing Concerns
4.4. Intellectual Property
Human ES Cells: The WARF Patents
Adult Stem Cells: Patenting Neurospheres
iPS Cells: Donor Sources
4.5. Public Perception of Stem Cell Technology
4.6. Hype and False Hope Breed Medical Tourism
4.7. Bioethical Concerns
Medical Tourism Revisited
Protecting Cell Donors
Stem Cell Banks
4.8. A Policy Patchwork
Global Policy
The United States: A Closer Look
Chapter 5
EXPERT INTERVIEWS
5.1. Expert Roundtable 1: Induced Pluripotent (iPS) Cells
Participants: George Daley, MD, PhD, past president of ISSCR and associate in medicine at Children’s Hospital Boston; Shinya Yamanaka, MD, PhD, senior investigator, Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease and the L.K. Whittier Foundation Investigator in stem cell biology and professor of anatomy at the University of California, San Francisco and director, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application and professor, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Japan; Kathrin Plath, PhD, assistant professor at UCLA; Rudolf Jaenisch, MD, member of the Whitehead Institute and a professor of biology at MIT (Cambridge, MA); Junying Yu, PhD, assistant scientist in James Thomson’s lab at the University of Wisconsin in Madison; Sir Ian Wilmut, PhD, director of the Centre for Regenerative Medicine at the Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh.
5.2. Expert Roundtable 2: Stem Cells—From Bench to Bedside
Participants: Katherine A. High, MD, professor of pediatrics at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine and director of the Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics at The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia; Giulio Cossu, MD, director of the Stem Cell Research Institute, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan; Judy Lieberman, MD, PhD, senior investigator at the Immune Disease Institute, professor of pediatrics, and director, division of AIDS, all at Harvard Medical School; Alok Srivastava, MD, head of the department of hematology at Christian Medical College (Vellore, India).
5.3. Interview with Dennis Steindler, PhD
Executive Director, the Evelyn F. and William L. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida in Gainesville
5.4. Interview with Sally Temple, PhD
Scientific Director, the New York Neural Stem Cell Institute
Professor, Albany Medical College and the University at Albany
5.5. Interview with Amy Wagers, PhD
Investigator, Joslin Diabetes Center
Assistant Professor of Pathology, Harvard Medical School
Chapter 6
SELECTED COMPANY PROFILES
6.1. Cellartis
6.2. Cryo-Cell
6.3. Geron
6.4. Novocell
6.5. Osiris Therapeutics
6.6. PrimeGen Biotech
6.7. Stem Cell Sciences
6.8. StemCells
6.9. Vet-Stem Regenerative Veterinary Medicine
References
Glossary of Selected Terms
Company Index with Web Addresses